Family : Polynemidae (Threadfins)
Order : Perciformes  (perch-likes)
Class : Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
Fishbase Name : Fourfinger threadfin
Fish Name : Eleutheronema tetradactylum
Max size : 200 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 3479); max. published weight: 145.0 kg (Ref. 4965)
Environment : pelagic-neritic; amphidromous ; depth range 0 - 23 m
Climate : tropical; 32°N - 26°S
Global Importance : fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial
Resilience: Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Fec=680,000; assuming tm>=2)Distribution : Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to Papua New Guinea and northern Australia. Replaced by Eleutheronema tetradactylum in East Asia (Japan, China, Viet Nam).
Diagnosis : Dorsal spines (total): 9-9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13-15; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 14-16. Pectoral filaments 4; fin membranes vivid yellow in life, except in large specimens, > ca 35 cm SL. Vomer with deciduous tooth plates on both sides, except in juveniles. Posterior part of maxilla deep, 3-4% of SL. Short tooth plate extension onto lateral surface of lower jaw. 7-9% SL (Ref. 41639).
Biology : Occur mainly over shallow muddy bottoms in coastal waters. Also enter rivers (Ref. 3479, 11230). Juveniles found in estuaries. During winter, adults ascend the rivers. They usually form loose schools, although larger fish are more often observed in pairs or singly (Ref. 6390). Feed on prawns and fish (largely members of Mugilidae, Engraulidae, and Sciaenidae) with occasional polychaetes. Frequency of crustaceans to fish in the diet varies seasonally. Larvae (7-30 mm TL) feed mainly on copepods and mysids but also take shrimps and prawn larvae (Ref. 57343). Juveniles (31-60 TL) feed on prawns shrimps and mysids (Ref. 57343). Protandrous hermaphrodites. Marketed fresh, frozen, and dried or salted
Threatened : Dangerous:  
Dangerous : harmless
Coordinator :
Main Ref : Motomura, H., Y. Iwatsuki, S. Kimura and T. Yoshino. 2002. (Ref. 41639)

India country information
Common Names : White salmon, காலா, रावास, തമുതി, ബമീന്, വമീന്, பொலக் காலா, வாளன் காலா, తెల్ల మగ , తెల్ల మగ  , திரவலை, ബാമീന്, വാമീന്, சீனகாலா, பனிகாலா, கட்டிக் களை, வெள்‍ளை காலா, ബാഹ്മീന്, யேவக்காலா, பத்திரவாளை, வெள்ளைகாலா, നൊറകുടിയന്, கொன்டியன்களை, നൊറക്കുടിയന്, கொண்டீயங்காலை , பட்டீதீரவளை , வெள்ளைகாலா , നൊറകുടിയന് , புழக்காலா , పొడికిమాగ , బోడ్డుమాగ , கட்டீகாளை  , சீனாகாலை , வாலனகாலா , வாலனகாலா  , எவ்காலா , பனீகாலா , బుడతమాగ , தீருவளை  , ರಾಮ್ಸೆ , ವಾಮೇನು , தீரவளை  , ವಾಮೇನು  , ബാമീന്  , ബമീന് , വമീന് , காலா , રવસ , సహల , మాగ  , సహల  , Baameen, Bahmin, Bameen, Bamin, Bastard mullets, Battihiravalai, Boddumaga, Budathamaga, Burnett salmon, Four tasselfish, Four thread tassel fish, Fourfinger threadfin, Fourfinger-threadfin, Guchhia, Horse's friend, Indian salmon, Kala, Kattikalai, King fish, Kondiangalai, Maga, Norakudiyan, Panigala, Podikimaga, Pozhakkala, Ramsi, Rawas, Rawas, Row ball, Sahal, Sahal, Sahala, Seenakalai, Thamuthi, Thellamaga, Thiravalai, Thread fin, Threadfin, Vahmeenu, Valanakala, Vameenu, Vellaikala, Wahmeen, Yevakala
Status : native
Salinity : brackish, marine
Uses : no uses