Family : Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Order : Perciformes  (perch-likes)
Class : Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
Fishbase Name : Sidespot goatfish
Fish Name : Parupeneus pleurostigma
Max size : 33.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 9710); max. published weight: 906 g (Ref. 4887)
Environment : reef-associated ; depth range 1 - 75 m
Climate : tropical; 30°N - 30°S
Global Importance : fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial
Resilience: High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)Distribution : Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Hawaii and the Line, Marquesas and Tuamoto islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Lord Howe and Rapa islands.
Diagnosis : Dorsal spines (total): 8-8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9-9; Anal spines: 1-1; Anal soft rays: 7-7; Vertebrae: 24-24.
Biology : Primarily an insular species (Ref. 30573). Usually solitary, it occurs in seagrass beds (Ref. 41878) as well as over sand, rubble, or coral and rock bottoms of shallow lagoon and seaward reefs to a depth of at least 46 m (Ref. 30874). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on benthic animals like crabs, polychaetes and other worms during the day (Ref. 30874), also shrimps, heart urchins, gastropods, pelecypods, foraminiferans, brittle stars, and fishes (Ref. 37816)
Threatened : Dangerous:  
Dangerous : harmless
Coordinator : Randall, John E.
Main Ref : Randall, J.E.. 2004. (Ref. 54393)

India country information
Common Names : മണക്കം, മണക്കം , Manakkam
Status : native
Salinity : marine
Uses : no uses