Family : Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
Order : Perciformes  (perch-likes)
Class : Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)
Fishbase Name : Golden trevally
Fish Name : Gnathanodon speciosus
Max size : 120 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 11441); max. published weight: 15.0 kg (Ref. 30874)
Environment : reef-associated ; depth range 1 - 2 m
Climate : tropical; 30°N - 30°S
Global Importance : fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; aquarium: commercial
Resilience: Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.14)Distribution : Indo-Pacific. Eastern Pacific: southwestern coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico and Gulf of California to Ecuador (Ref. 9283).
Diagnosis : Dorsal spines (total): 8-8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 18-20; Anal spines: 3-3; Anal soft rays: 15-17. Color of juveniles and young adults bright yellow to silvery; broad and narrow black bars alternating; fins yellow. Adults with few black blotches or spots on sides; bars, if present, very faint. Lips thick and fleshy. Breast completely scaled. Pectorals falcate ; anal fin with 2 detached spines
Biology : Occur in deep lagoon and seaward reefs where they feed by rooting for crustaceans and other invertebrates in the sand. Also feed on small fishes. Small juveniles live among the tentacles of jellyfish (Ref. 9710). Form schools. Noted for their behavior to closely swim around sharks and other large fish, but also following divers (Ref. 10361) to gain protection from likely predators (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh and salted or dried (Ref. 9283). Juveniles are used in the aquarium trade
Threatened : Dangerous:  
Dangerous : harmless , Bagnis, R., P. Mazellier, J. Bennett and E. Christian. 1984
Coordinator : Smith-Vaniz, William F.
Main Ref : Smith-Vaniz, W.F.. 1995. (Ref. 9283)

India country information
Common Names : പാര, பதீ பாறா, பாரை, புலீ பாறை  , பள்ளீ பாறா , మంజల్ పారై   , கிளிசை, தேங்கா பாரை, பில்லி பாரை, கொமாரா பாறை , வெண்ணை பாறை , தேங்கா பாறை  , పుల్లి పారై  , పూలుసు పరా , சீமபாரை, ಗೊಂಡ್ಲು, பத்திப் பாரை, வென்‍னை பாரை, குமாரபரை, புள்ளிப் பாரை, செமபாறை  , கீளீசை , பாறை , పారా , பாற , പാറ , Golden toothless trevally, Gondlu, Horse mackerel, Kilisai, Komaraparai, Manjal parai, Para, Para, Para, Parai, Pathi parah, Pathi-parah, Pilli parah, Pilli-parah, Poloosoo-parah, Pulli parai, Pulli parai, Semaparai, Thenga parai, Vennai parai
Status : native
Salinity : marine
Uses : no uses